Neurodiversity and neurodivergence are often conflated, yet they encapsulate distinct concepts. Neurodivergence denotes atypical neurocognitive functioning, while neurodiversity celebrates the diverse range of neurocognitive traits present in humanity. This distinction, elucidated by Legault et al. (2021), underscores the inclusive nature of neurodiversity compared to the exclusive connotations of neurodivergence.
A recent debate has ignited discussions around whether neurodivergence should be perceived as a perspective or a paradigm. Is it merely an individual’s opinion of deviation from the norm, or does it reflect genuine cognitive diversity?
Diverse factors, including genetics and variations in brain functioning, contribute to neurodivergence, encompassing conditions such as Down syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, ADHD, dyslexia, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Autism, with its spectrum of social communication challenges and unique interests, has garnered significant attention from researchers. Surprisingly, scant research explores the advantages of employing autistic individuals, despite their increasing prevalence over the past decade (Hartman et al., 2022).
Studies suggest that individuals with autism possess distinct attributes that can benefit workplaces. Their limited adherence to social norms, indicated by their reduced susceptibility to the bystander effect, can facilitate candid communication about organizational improvements (Hartman et al., 2022; Ganti & Baek, 2021). Furthermore, their propensity for routine and monotony aligns well with certain job roles, complemented by their enhanced creativity, memory, and focus (Pittaway, 2022; Cope & Remington, 2022).
Accommodating autistic individuals in the workplace requires tailored strategies akin to providing a ramp for wheelchair users (Waisman-Nitzan et al., 2021). These accommodations span communication, attitude, routine, and sensory environments. Simplified and direct communication methods, alongside an inclusive and respectful atmosphere, foster productivity, and harmony among all employees (Davies et al., 2022; Dickter et al., 2020). Establishing predictable routines and minimizing sensory stimuli contribute to the comfort and efficiency of autistic individuals (Schall, 2010; De Vries, 2021).
In essence, recognizing the value of autistic individuals as assets in the workforce necessitates embracing neurodiversity wholeheartedly. By providing conducive environments and genuine inclusivity, organizations can harness the unique strengths of neurodivergent individuals while fostering a culture of acceptance and innovation. Embracing neurodiversity is not merely a moral imperative but also a strategic advantage in unlocking untapped human potential.
References
- Cope, R., & Remington, A. (2022). The strengths and abilities of autistic people in the workplace. Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 22-31.
- Davies, J., Heasman, B., Livesey, A., Walker, A., Pellicano, E., & Remington, A. (2022). Autistic adults’ views and experiences of requesting and receiving workplace adjustments in the UK. PLOS ONE, 17(8), Article e0272420. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0272420
- De Vries, B. (2021). Autism and the right to a hypersensitivity-friendly workspace. Public Health Ethics, 14(3), 281-287.
- Dickter, C. L., Burk, J. A., Zeman, J. L., & Taylor, S. C. (2019). Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Autistic Adults. Autism in Adulthood, 0 (0), 1-8.
- Ganti, N., & Baek, S. (2021). Why People Stand By: A Comprehensive Study About the Bystander Effect. Journal of Student Research, 10(1).
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- Legault, M., Bourdon, J. N., & Poirier, P. (2021). From neurodiversity to neurodivergence: the role of epistemic and cognitive marginalization. Synthese, 199(5), 12843-12868.
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- Pittaway, M. (2022). 7 strengths autistic people bring to the workplace. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/7-strengths-autistic-people-bring-workplace-mollie-pittaway/
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- Waisman-Nitzan, M., Gal, E., & Schreuer, N. (2021). “It’s like a ramp for a person in a wheelchair”: Workplace accessibility for employees with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 114, 103959.
- Walker, N. (2014). Neurodiversity: Some basic terms & definitions. Available from: https://neuroqueer.com/neurodiversity-terms-and-definitions/.
- Yafai, A. F., Verrier, D., & Reidy, L. (2014). Social conformity and autism spectrum disorder: A child-friendly take on a classic study. Autism, 18(8), 1007-1013.
